在 CentOS/Fedora/Rocky Linux 上安装 Apache Solr

发表 admin at 2025年2月28日

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Apache Solr 是一个用 Java 编写的开源、容错且高度可扩展的搜索工具。 Apache Solr 为世界上许多最大的互联网站点的搜索和导航功能提供支持。在本教程中，我们将了解如何在 CentOS/Fedora/Rocky Linux 系统上安装 Apache Solr。

第1步：在CentOS/Fedora/Rocky上安装Java

Apache Solr 需要 Java。如果您的系统上没有安装 Java，请按如下所示安装。

sudo yum install lsof java-11-openjdk  java-11-openjdk-devel -y

Java安装完成后，可以使用以下命令快速确认版本：

$ java -version
openjdk version "11.0.16.1" 2022-08-12 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (Red_Hat-11.0.16.1.1-1.el7_9) (build 11.0.16.1+1-LTS)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (Red_Hat-11.0.16.1.1-1.el7_9) (build 11.0.16.1+1-LTS, mixed mode, sharing)

步骤 2：在 CentOS/Fedora 上安装最新的 Apache Solr

Apache Solr 在 CentOS 和 Fedora 上游存储库上不可用，您必须下载它并进行手动安装。您可以检查 Apache Solr 的最新版本，然后将其保存到 LATEST_VER 变量中。

cd ~/
export LATEST_VER="9.0.0"
curl -O https://dlcdn.apache.org/solr/solr/$LATEST_VER/solr-$LATEST_VER.tgz

解压下载的存档：

tar xvf solr-${LATEST_VER}.tgz

现在运行 Apache Solr 服务安装程序脚本来设置 Solr 环境。

cd solr-${LATEST_VER}/bin/
sudo ./install_solr_service.sh ~/solr-${LATEST_VER}.tgz

示例输出：

id: solr: no such user
Creating new user: solr

Extracting /root/solr-9.0.0.tgz to /opt

Installing symlink /opt/solr -> /opt/solr-9.0.0 ...

Installing /etc/init.d/solr script ...

Installing /etc/default/solr.in.sh ...

Service solr installed.
Customize Solr startup configuration in /etc/default/solr.in.sh
*** [WARN] *** Your open file limit is currently 1024.
 It should be set to 65000 to avoid operational disruption.
 If you no longer wish to see this warning, set SOLR_ULIMIT_CHECKS to false in your profile or solr.in.sh
*** [WARN] ***  Your Max Processes Limit is currently 4096.
 It should be set to 65000 to avoid operational disruption.
 If you no longer wish to see this warning, set SOLR_ULIMIT_CHECKS to false in your profile or solr.in.sh
/opt/solr/bin/solr: line 2263: /opt/solr/bin/solr-8983.pid: Permission denied
Waiting up to 180 seconds to see Solr running on port 8983 [/]
Started Solr server on port 8983 (pid=1754). Happy searching!


Found 1 Solr nodes:

Solr process 1754 running on port 8983
{
  "solr_home":"/var/solr/data",
  "version":"9.0.0 a4eb7aa123dc53f8dac74d80b66a490f2d6b4a26 - janhoy - 2022-05-05 01:00:08",
  "startTime":"2022-10-17T16:56:40.472Z",
  "uptime":"0 days, 0 hours, 0 minutes, 19 seconds",
  "memory":"91.5 MB (%17.9) of 512 MB"}

使用 SysV Init 检查服务状态：

$ service solr status
Found 1 Solr nodes:

Solr process 1221 running on port 8983

{
  "solr_home":"/var/solr/data",
  "version":"9.0.0 a4eb7aa123dc53f8dac74d80b66a490f2d6b4a26 - janhoy - 2022-05-05 01:00:08",
  "startTime":"2022-10-17T16:58:59.283Z",
  "uptime":"0 days, 0 hours, 11 minutes, 19 seconds",
  "memory":"73.2 MB (%14.3) of 512 MB"}

系统方式：

$ systemctl status solr
● solr.service - LSB: Controls Apache Solr as a Service
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/solr; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since Mon 2022-10-17 17:15:50 UTC; 4min 1s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 1051 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/solr start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: *** [WARN] ***  Your Max Processes Limit is currently 4096.
Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: It should be set to 65000 to avoid operational disruption.
Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: If you no longer wish to see this warning, set SOLR_ULIMIT_CHECKS to false in your profile or solr.in.sh
Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: /opt/solr/bin/solr: line 2263: /opt/solr/bin/solr-8983.pid: Permission denied
Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: Warning: Available entropy is low. As a result, use of the UUIDField, SSL, or any other features that require
Oct 17 17:15:33 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: RNG might not work properly. To check for the amount of available entropy, use 'cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail'.
Oct 17 17:15:50 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: [386B blob data]
Oct 17 17:15:50 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: Started Solr server on port 8983 (pid=1219). Happy searching!
Oct 17 17:15:50 cent7.mylab.io systemd[1]: Started LSB: Controls Apache Solr as a Service.
Oct 17 17:15:50 cent7.mylab.io solr[1051]: [14B blob data]

第 3 步：访问 Solr 仪表板

默认情况下，Solr 在端口 8983 上运行。如果您有活动的防火墙，请允许端口 8983。

sudo firewall-cmd  --permanent --add-port=8983/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

应可通过服务器 IP 地址/主机名和端口 8983 访问仪表板。

http://<IP|Hostname>:8983

您应该得到一个类似于下面的仪表板：

第4步：创建Solr集合

您现在可以创建您的第一个 Solr 集合：

sudo su - solr -c "/opt/solr/bin/solr create -c testcollection -n data_driven_schema_configs"

其中 testcollection 是要创建的集合的名称。

示例输出：

INFO - 2018-11-18 13:48:05.538; org.apache.solr.util.configuration.SSLCredentialProviderFactory; Processing SSL Credential Provider chain: env;sysprop
Created new core 'testcollection'

创建的集合可在仪表板上的集合左侧面板中找到。

从 Solr 4.4 开始，可以在线获取详细的参考指南或以 PDF 格式下载。

对于 Ubuntu/Debian，请参阅在 Ubuntu/Debian 上安装最新的 Apache Solr