如何在 Debian 10 上安装 NVIDIA CUDA (buster)

在本教程中，我们将在 Debian 10 (buster) Linux 上安装 NVIDIA CUDA。我们将从 CUDA 开发人员存储库执行直接网络安装。

在本教程中您将学习：

• 如何安装CUDA

• 如何确认CUDA安装

如何在 Debian 10 上安装 NVIDIA CUDA (buster)

Debian 10（buster）上的 NVIDIA CUDA 分步说明

1. 安装 CUDA 开发者密钥：

   
   # apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/debian10/x86_64/7fa2af80.pub
   

2. 添加 CUDA Debian 10 存储库并启用 contrib 存储库：

   
   # add-apt-repository "deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/debian10/x86_64/ /"
   # add-apt-repository contrib
   # apt update
   

3. 安装CUDA：

   
   # apt-get install cuda
   

4. 重新启动您的 Debian 10 系统：

   
   # reboot
   

$ /usr/local/cuda-*/bin/nvcc --version
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2021 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Wed_Jun__2_19:15:15_PDT_2021
Cuda compilation tools, release 11.4, V11.4.48
Build cuda_11.4.r11.4/compiler.30033411_0

或者执行以下 nvidia-smi 命令以获得更详细的输出：

$ nvidia-smi
Wed Jun 30 14:57:30 2021       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 470.42.01    Driver Version: 470.42.01    CUDA Version: 11.4     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce ...  On   | 00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
|  0%   50C    P8    31W / 370W |    293MiB / 10014MiB |      0%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A       659      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                129MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A       850      G   /usr/bin/kwin_x11                  35MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A       854      G   /usr/bin/krunner                    3MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A       856      G   /usr/bin/plasmashell               48MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      1015      G   nvidia-settings                     0MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      1370      G   ...bexec/kscreenlocker_greet       70MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+